How does urban sprawl affect the environment?

• A. Reduces the amount of green space available
• B. Leads to habitat destruction and increased emissions
• C. Improves air quality in urban areas
• D. Supports agricultural development in cities

Answer: (B)

Urban sprawl significantly impacts the environment primarily through habitat destruction and increased emissions. As cities expand outward into rural areas, natural habitats are often cleared to accommodate new housing, roads, and infrastructure. This not only results in the loss of biodiversity, as many species lose their homes or face increased competition, but it also disrupts ecosystems that play crucial roles in maintaining environmental balance.

Additionally, urban sprawl typically leads to higher levels of air pollution. As more vehicles travel greater distances, emissions from cars and trucks contribute to smog and health issues in the surrounding areas. The increased reliance on personal vehicles, rather than public transport, magnifies these effects, translating to higher carbon footprints and detrimental impacts on air quality.

While urban sprawl can lead to some benefits, such as economic growth and housing development, the environmental costs often outweigh these positives. Reducing green spaces and agricultural land detracts from the natural resources that cities rely on, which can lead to unsustainable urban growth in the long term.