What is composting?

• A. The process of burning organic waste to produce energy
• B. A method of recycling organic matter into fertile soil amendment
• C. Discarding food scraps into landfills
• D. A technique for quickly decomposing waste using chemicals

Answer: (B)

Composting is a natural process that involves recycling organic matter, such as food scraps and yard waste, into a rich soil amendment known as compost. This process not only reduces the amount of organic waste that would otherwise end up in landfills but also enhances soil health and fertility. During composting, microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, break down the organic material in a controlled environment, producing nutrient-rich compost that can be used to enrich garden soil, improve plant growth, and support sustainable agricultural practices.

The other options describe processes that do not align with the definition of composting. Burning organic waste is an incineration method that generates energy but does not contribute to soil fertility. Discarding food scraps in landfills contributes to waste accumulation and methane emissions but fails to utilize the nutrients effectively. Lastly, using chemicals to decompose waste does not reflect the natural, environmentally friendly approach that composting promotes. Thus, the correct answer reflects the essence of composting and its benefits for both waste management and soil health.