What social movement aims to sustain the earth's life-support systems for all forms of life, emphasizing ethical and political aspects?

• A. Environmental Studies
• B. Environmentalism
• C. Ecology
• D. Sustainable Development

Answer: (B)

The social movement that focuses on sustaining the earth's life-support systems for all forms of life, while emphasizing both ethical and political aspects, is indeed Environmentalism. This movement advocates for the protection of the natural environment and seeks to influence political and social changes that promote ecological balance and sustainability.

Environmentalism encompasses a wide range of activities and ideologies aimed at addressing issues such as climate change, pollution, conservation of biodiversity, and sustainable resource management. It recognizes that human activities must be aligned with the ecological needs of the planet to ensure the well-being of both current and future generations.

In contrast, Environmental Studies refers to the academic discipline that examines the interactions between humans and the environment, often focusing on scientific research and analysis. Ecology, while important, is the branch of biology that studies organisms and their relationships to one another and to their physical surroundings, without the broader socio-political focus that Environmentalism has. Sustainable Development, on the other hand, seeks to meet the needs of the present without compromising future generations, but it doesn't specifically designate itself as a social movement with the ethical and political emphasis that characterizes Environmentalism.